With the population in the entire world attaining a new height in accordance with each year it surpasses, the percentage of the HIV infected patients is also on a sharp rise throughout the international continuum. According to the latest report, there are hundreds of thousands of babies are born with HIV on each year more than half a million only in the year 2006. In general the caring for these children gets complicated since there remains the absence of the matured development of the immune systems in the first stage of life, which in its turn make them thoroughly vulnerable to brisk HIV disease progression and death. However it is to be noted that in the contemporary age for the effective treatment of the children affected with HIV antiretroviral therapy is provided if there is any sign of illness or a weakened immune system. It is to be noted in this respect, that the preliminary results of a continuing clinical trial sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), an eminent component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), in a broad sense advocate that with the application of early therapy HIV-infected infants but in a better number can survive, whatever may be the condition of their health.

It has been affirmed on the behalf of the research group that the entire initiative is the culmination of a joint effort undertaken by Dr. Avy Violari, M.D., FCPaed (SA), of the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, South Africa, and Mark Cotton, MBChB, MMed, of the University of Stellenbosch in Cape Town, South Africa.

While being asked about the novel approach Dr. Elias A. Zerhouni, M.D., the Director of the NIH said, "Children with HIV infection frequently show rapid disease progression within the first year of life due to their developing immune systems and susceptibility to other serious infections. This is the first randomized clinical trial that shows that infants treated before three months of age will do better than infants who have their treatment delayed." While on the other hand the Director of NIAID. Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, M.D. said, "The results of this trial could have significant public health implications worldwide." "Because these findings will cause experts to consider changes in standards of care in many parts of the world, NIAID has released details of the interim results to the World Health Organization, local ethics committees, regulatory authorities and other key stakeholders for their consideration and evaluation for possible implementation," he concluded.